ASPECTS OF THE MACROSOMIC NEWBORN IN A ONE-YEAR COHORT

Abstract

Background: To determine the frequency, course, complications and outcome of macrosomia in newborns.
Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional epidemiological study was conducted. The research was conducted at the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics of the University Clinical Hospital Mostar (UCH Mostar), as well as at the Clinical Department for Intensive Care and Neonatology UCH Mostar in the period from January 1, 2022 to 31 December 2022. Data from the protocol, medical history and discharge letters of pregnant women who gave birth at the Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics, as well as data from the above for newborns transferred to the Clinical Department for Intensive Care and Neonatology was used. The parameters considered in newborns are: anthropometric measurements (birth weight, birth length, head circumference), sex, month of birth, gestational age, Apgar index, and for newborns transferred to paediatrics: pathological conditions (asphyxia, jaundice, sepsis, perinatal infection) , respiratory distress syndrome,) and the method and length of treatment.
Results: The occurrence of macrosomic newborns in this study is 10.4% of the total number of births in a year. A significant increase in the frequency of giving birth to macrosomic newborns from the second or more pregnancies was observed, and the number of birth complications was lower. Statistically, significantly more medication use and pregnancy pathology were found in the group of macrosomic newborns with pathology. Thus, in the group of newborns with pathology, it is more significant that they had jaundice and perinatal infection among the pathological conditions.
Conclusion: The frequency of macrosmia in newborns was determined, and two most common pathological conditions were jaundice and perinatal infection with a favorable perinatal background.